The following is a list of notable alumni and faculty of the University of Leipzig.
Notable alumni
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- Georgius Agricola, Saxon mining engineer and natural philosopher
- Joseph L. Armstrong, American academic
- Lothar Bisky, German politician
- Marc Bloch, French historian
- Jan Niecisław Baudouin de Courtenay, Polish linguist and slavist
- Tycho Brahe, Danish astronomer
- James McKeen Cattell, American psychologist
- William David Coolidge, American physicist
- Émile Durkheim, French sociologist
- Friedrich Adolf Ebert, Saxon librarian
- Gustav Fechner, German psychologist
- Arnold Gehlen, German philosopher and sociologist
- Hans-Dietrich Genscher, German politician, Foreign Minister and Vice Chancellor
- Kurt Albert Gerlach, German sociologist
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe, German poet
- Gotthard Günther, German-American philosopher
- Edith Hamilton, American essayist and educator (together with her sister Alice, she was the first female student of the university)
- Johann Adam Hiller, Saxon composer
- Adolf Hurwitz, German mathematician
- Ulrich von Hutten, Hessian humanist and political leader
- Nicolae Iorga, Romanian historian and politician
- Wolfgang Iser, German literary theorist
- Jan Jesenius, Slovak doctor
- Uwe Johnson, German writer and translator
- Ernst Jünger, German novelist and nationalist activist
- Erich Kähler, German mathematician
- Erich Kästner, German satirist and children's writer
- Paul Kirchhoff, German anthropologist and ethnohistorian
- Johannes Knolleisen, canon in Merseburg
- Alexander Kohut, Hungarian-American rabbi and Orientalist
- Victor Lange, American Germanist
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, German philosopher
- August Leskien, German linguist
- Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, German philosopher and writer
- Rudolf Leuckart, German Zoologist
- Karl Liebknecht, German communist activist
- Lin Yutang, Chinese novelist and inventor
- Virgil Madgearu, Romanian economist and sociologist
- Bronislaw Malinowski, Polish anthropologist
- Sándor Márai, Hungarian poet and novelist
- Angela Merkel, German politician, first female Chancellor
- Thomas Müntzer, Thuringian theologian and rebellion leader
- Carl Friedrich Naumann, German mineralogist and geologist
- Friedrich Nietzsche, German philosopher
- Novalis, German writer and philosopher
- George Pardee, American doctor and politician
- Lucreţiu Pătrăşcanu, Romanian Marxist sociologist and politician
- James Phelan, Jr., American politician
- Samuel Pufendorf, German jurist and historian
- Alexander Radishchev, Russian political thinker
- Constantin Rădulescu-Motru, Romanian psychologist and philosopher
- Augustus Quirinus Rivinus, German botanist and physician
- Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist
- Helmut Schelsky, German sociologist
- Kurt Schumacher, German politician
- Robert Schumann, German composer
- Georg Philipp Telemann, German composer
- Edward Teller, Hungarian-American nuclear physicist
- Galsan Tschinag, Tuvan-German author and poet
- Dimitri Uznadze, Georgian psychologist
- Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, German physicist and philosopher
- Richard Wagner, German composer
- Ernst Heinrich Weber, German physician
- Gustav Zeuner, German physicist and engineer
- Jeff Radebe, South African Politician
- Gu Hongming, or Ku Hung-ming, Malaysian Chinese man of letters
- Ku Hung-ming, or Gu Hongming, Malaysian Chinese man of letters
- Kārlis Ulmanis, Latvian politician
Notable faculty
- Ernst Bloch, philosopher
- Karl Brugmann, comparative linguist
- Karl Bücher, economist
- Peter Debye, physicist, 1927-1936 Director of the Physics Institute, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1936
- Gustav Fechner, psychologist
- Hans Freyer, sociologist
- Paul Flechsig, neurologist
- Christian Fürchtegott Gellert, theologian and poet
- Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert, publisher of the Annalen der Physik.
- Rudolf Gottschall, critic, poet and dramatist
- Johann Christoph Gottsched, philologist
- Werner Heisenberg, physicist, 1927-1942, Professor of Theoretical Physics, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1932
- Gustav Ludwig Hertz, physicist, 1954-1961, Head of the Physics Institute, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1925, together with James Franck
- Felix Klein, mathematician
- Werner Krauss, Romanist
- Aleksandar Belić, Serbian linguist
- Karl Lamprecht, historian
- August Leskien, linguist
- Wilhelm Maurenbrecher, historian
- August Ferdinand Möbius, astronomer and mathematician
- Theodor Mommsen, historian, 1848-1851 Professor of Law, Nobel Prize in Literature in 1902 for his book The History of Rome
- Petrus Mosellanus, Greek scholar
- Wilhelm Ostwald, chemist, 1887-1906 Chair of Physical Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1909
- Augustus Quirinus Rivinus, botanist
- Wilhelm Roscher, economist
- Nathan Söderblom, religious historian, Director of the Religious Studies Institute 1912-1914, Nobel Peace Prize in 1930
- Christian Thomasius, philosopher
- Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, physicist
- Bartel Leendert van der Waerden, mathematician
- Ernst Heinrich Weber, physician
- Wilhelm Wundt, physicist, psychologist
- Paul Zweifel, physician, physiologist
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