An example of a typical reference marker
New York State Reference Routes and Parkway Routes are New York State Highways that possess a signed name (mainly parkways), that the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) has determined are too minor to have a signed number, or are former state highways that have since been deleted, their original numbers possibly reassigned elsewhere. They are normally signed on reference markers, located every tenth-mile on the side of the road, though a few exceptions exist.
Every road maintained by NYSDOT also has a state highway (SH) number,1 used in state laws.2
Region 1
Covers the Capital District, Saratoga-Champlain and Upper Hudson Valley areas
Counties: Albany, Essex, Greene, Rensselaer, Saratoga, Schenectady, Warren, Washington
Major Communities: Albany, Catskill, Glens Falls, Saratoga Springs, Schenectady, Ticonderoga, Troy
Region 2
Covers the Central, Mohawk Valley, and South-Central Adirondack areas
Counties: Fulton, Hamilton, Herkimer, Madison, Montgomery, Oneida
Major Communities: Amsterdam, Gloversville, Rome, Utica
Region 3
Covers the Eastern Finger Lakes area
Counties: Cayuga, Cortland, Onondaga, Oswego, Seneca, Tompkins
Major Communities: Auburn, Cortland, Ithaca, Oswego, Seneca Falls, Syracuse
Region 4
Covers the Western Finger Lakes and Genesee Valley areas
Counties: Genesee, Livingston, Monroe, Ontario, Orleans, Wayne, Wyoming
Major Communities: Batavia, Geneseo, Geneva, Newark, Rochester, Warsaw
Region 5
Covers the Niagara Frontier and Southwestern areas
Counties: Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, Erie, Niagara
Major Communities: Buffalo, Jamestown, Lockport, Niagara Falls, Olean
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