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List of republics is a list of countries or states governed as a republic.

For Antiquity (or later in the case of societies that did not refer to a Western terminology to qualify their form of government) the assessment of whether a state organisation is a republic is an analysis by retrospect, left to the discretion of historians and political theorists.

For more recent systems of government worldwide organisations with a broad political acceptance, like the United Nations, can provide information on whether or not a sovereign state is referred to as a republic.

Contents

List of Republics by Period

Antiquity

Middle Ages and Renaissance

Early Modern

19th Century

20th Century and Later

List of Republics by Type

In modern usage, a republican form of government is applied loosely to any state which claims this designation. 9 So for example the Dominican Republic under Rafael Trujillo is considered a republic, as is the Republic of Iraq under Saddam Hussein and the The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics under Joseph Stalin. The Kingdom of Sweden (which in 2006 ranked highest in the Economist's index of democracy) 10 is not a republic, but the Democratic People's Republic of North Korea (which ranks lowest in the same survey) is.

Unitary republics

Unitary republics are unitary states which are governed constitutionally as one single unit, with a single constitutionally created legislature.

Federal republics

Federal republics are federal states in which the administrative divisions (states or provinces) theoretically retain a degree of autonomy which is constitutionally protected, and cannot be revoked unilaterally by the national government.

Confederal republics

Confederal republics are associations of sovereign states, usually having power over critical common issues such as defence and foreign affairs:

Arab Republics

Islamic Republics

Republics governed in accordance with Islamic law:

Democratic Republics

These are republics that use the word "democratic" in their official name. Their actual political systems can vary considerably.

Socialist Republics

These are republics that use the word "socialist" in their official name.

People's Republics

Meant to be governed by the people, this name is most often (but not always) used by communist states.

Former People's Republics:

References

  1. ^ "Brief history of Novgorod". WayToRussia.Net. Retrieved on 2007-12-26.
  2. ^ Carrington, Dorothy, "The Corsican Constitution of Pasquale Paoli (1755-1769)," The English Historical Review, July 1973, pp 481-503
  3. ^ Van de Water, Frederic Franklyn (1974). The Reluctant Republic: Vermont 1724–1791. The Countryman Press. ISBN 0-914378-02-3. 
  4. ^ Comité de Salud Pública en Motril durante la Revolución Cantonalde 1873.Actas de Creación. Motril,1989
  5. ^ "Smallest State in the World," New York Times, June 19, 1896, p 6
  6. ^ "Tiny Nation to Vote: Smallest Republic in the World to Hold a Presidential Election," Lowell Daily Sun, Sep 17, 1896
  7. ^ "Nation of 55 People: Republic of Tavolara in Its Third Presidential Campaign" Boston Globe, Jan 10, 1897, p 34
  8. ^ "Wee, Small Republics: A Few Examples of Popular Government," Hawaiian Gazette, Nov 1, 1895, p 1
  9. ^ Republic, Oxford English Dictionary, SECOND EDITION 1989
  10. ^ Laza Kekic, The Economist Intelligence Units Index of democracy, The Economist: The World in 2007
  11. ^ Carrington, Dorothy, "The Corsican Constitution of Pasquale Paoli (1755-1769)," The English Historical Review, July 1973, pp 481-503
  12. ^ "Wee, Small Republics: A Few Examples of Popular Government," Hawaiian Gazette, Nov 1, 1895, p 1
  13. ^ Shapiro, Allan E. "Taking Space Seriously, Law, Space and Society in Contemporary Israel" 2004. <http://www.bsos.umd.edu/gvpt/lpbr/subpages/reviews/rosen-zvi904.htm> (accessed May 19, 2008).
  14. ^ "Smallest State in the World," New York Times, June 19, 1896, p 6
  15. ^ "Tiny Nation to Vote: Smallest Republic in the World to Hold a Presidential Election," Lowell Daily Sun, Sep 17, 1896
  16. ^ "Nation of 55 People: Republic of Tavolara in Its Third Presidential Campaign" Boston Globe, Jan 10, 1897, p 34
  17. ^ "The Republic of Texas",'Handbook of Texas',http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/RR/mzr2.html
  18. ^ Van de Water, Frederic Franklyn (1974). The Reluctant Republic: Vermont 1724–1791. The Countryman Press. ISBN 0-914378-02-3. 
  19. ^ ___."The Formation of the Brazilian Republic in 1889." <http://faculty.fullerton.edu/nfitch/history110b/brarep.html> (accessed May 19, 2008).
  20. ^ "Mexico". The World Factbook. CIA (2007). Retrieved on 2007-12-21.
  21. ^ "Nepal declared republican state - Gorkhapatra Sansthan - State Owned Newspaper".
  22. ^ "United States". The World Factbook. CIA (2007). Retrieved on 2007-12-21.
  23. ^ "Algeria". The World Factbook. CIA (2007). Retrieved on 2007-12-21.
  24. ^ "Bangladesh". The World Factbook. CIA (2007). Retrieved on 2007-12-21.
  25. ^ "China". The World Factbook. CIA (2007). Retrieved on 2007-12-21.
  26. ^ "Laos". The World Factbook. CIA (2007). Retrieved on 2007-12-21.
  27. ^ "Korea, North". The World Factbook. CIA (2007). Retrieved on 2007-12-21.
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