List of state leaders in 1918.html



1917 state leaders - Events of 1918 - 1919 state leaders - State leaders by year

Africa

• Ethiopia - Zauditu, Emperor of Ethiopia (1916-1930)
• Liberia - Daniel E. Howard, President of Liberia (1912-1920)
• South Africa
  • Monarch - King George V, King of South Africa (1910-1936)
  • Governor-General - Viscount Buxton, Governor-General of South Africa (1914-1920)
  • Prime Minister - Louis Botha, Prime Minister of South Africa (1910-1919)
• Zanzibar - Sayyid Khalifa bin Harub Al-Busaid, Sultan of Zanzibar (1911-1960)

Asia

• Afghanistan - Habibullah Khan, King of Afghanistan (1901-1919)
• Brunei - Muhammad Jamalul Alam II, Sultan of Brunei (1906–1924)
• China
  • President -
    1. Feng Kuo-Chang, President of the Republic of China (1917-1918)
    2. Hsu Shih-Chang, President of the Republic of China (1918-1922)
  • Premier -
    1. Weng Shizhen, Acting Premier of the Republic of China (1917-1918)
    2. Duan Qirui, Premier of the Republic of China (1918)
    3. Qian Nengxun, Premier of the Republic of China (1918-1919)
• Japan
  • Monarch - Taishō, Emperor of Japan (1912-1926)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Terauchi Masatake, Prime Minister of Japan (1916-1918)
    2. Hara Takashi, Prime Minister of Japan (1918-1921)
• Oman - Taimur Bin Faisal, Sultan of Oman (1913-1932)

Australia and Oceania

• Australia -
  • Monarch - George V, King of the United Kingdom (1910-1936)
  • Governor-General - Ronald Munro-Ferguson, Governor-General of Australia (1914-1920)
  • Prime Minister - Billy Hughes, Prime Minister of Australia (1915-1923)
• Tonga
  • Monarch -
  1. George Tupou II, King of Tonga (1893 – 1918)
  2. Salote Tupou III, Queen of Tonga (1918 – 1965)
  • Prime Minister - T.P.Tu'ivakano, Prime Minister of Tonga, (1912 – 1923)

Europe

• Albania -
  1. National government collapsed (1916-1918)
  2. Turhan Pasha Përmeti, Chairman of the Provisional Government (1918-1920)
• Austria - Karl Renner, Chancellor of Austria (1918-1920) (from 30 October 1918)
• Austria-Hungary (ceased to exist on 17 October 1918)
  • Monarch - Karl I, Emperor of Austria and (as Charles IV) King of Hungary (1916-1918)
  • Minister-President of Austria
    1. Ernst Seidler von Feuchtenegg (1917-1918)
    2. Baron Max Hussarek von Heinlein (1918)
    3. Heinrich Lammasch (1918)
  • Minister-President of Hungary
    • Count Sándor Wekerle (1917-1918)
• Belgium
  • Monarch - Albert I, King of the Belgians (1909-1934)
  • Prime Minister -
  1. Charles de Broqueville, Cabinet Chief (1911-1918)
  2. Gérard Cooreman, Cabinet Chief (1918)
  3. Léon Delacroix, Prime Minister of Belgium (1918-1920
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Christian X, King of Denmark (1912-1947)
  • Prime Minister - Carl Theodor Zahle, Prime Minister of Denmark (1913-1920)
• Estonia -
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Konstantin Päts, Prime Minister of Estonia (1918 February 24 - 1919 May 8)
    2. Jaan Poska, acting Prime Minister of Estonia (1918 June 16 - November 26)
    3. Konstantin Päts, Prime Minister of Estonia (1918 February 24 - 1919 May 8)
• Finland -
  • Monarch - Väinö I of Finland, King of Finland (1918) Renounced throne
  • Regent -
    1. Pehr Evind Svinhufvud (May 1918-December 1918)
    2. Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim (December 1918-1919)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, Prime Minister of Finland (1917-1918)
    2. Juho Kusti Paasikivi, Prime Minister of Finland (1918)
    3. Lauri Ingman, Prime Minister of Finland (1918-1919)
• France -
  • President - Raymond Poincaré, President of France (1913-1920)
  • Prime Minister - Georges Clemenceau, President of the Council (1917-1920)
• Germany -
  • Head of State -
    1. Wilhelm II, German Emperor (1888-1918)
    2. Executive Council of the Workers and Soldiers' Councils of Greater Berlin (1918)
    3. Central Council of the German Socialist Republic (1918-1919)
  • Chancellor -
    1. Count Georg von Hertling, Chancellor of Germany (1917-1918)
    2. Prince Maximilian of Baden, Chancellor of Germany (1918)
    3. Friedrich Ebert, Chancellor of Germany (1918)
    4. Friedrich Ebert and Hugo Haase, Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissioners (1918)
    5. Friedrich Ebert, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissioners (1918)
    6. Friedrich Ebert and Philipp Scheidemann, Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissioners (1918)
    7. Friedrich Ebert, Executive Chairman of the Council of People's Commissioners (1918-1919)
  • Prussia -
    • Monarch - Wilhelm II, King of Prussia (1888-1918)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. German Chancellor also served as Minister-President of Prussia until November 11
      2. Paul Hirsch, Minister-President of Prussia (1918-1920)
  • Bavaria -
  1. Ludwig III, King of Bavaria (1913-1918)
  2. Kurt Eisner, Premier of Bavaria (1918-1919)
  • Saxony -
  1. Frederick Augustus III, King of Saxony (1904-1918)
  2. Richard Lipinski, Minister-President of Saxony (1918-1919)
  • Württemberg - William II, King of Württemberg (1891-1918)
• Hungary (after independence)
  • Head of State -
  1. Charles IV, King of Hungary (1918)
  2. Mihály Károlyi, President (1918-1919)
  • Prime Minister - Mihály Károlyi (1918-1919)
• Italy
  • Monarch - Vittorio Emanuele III, King of Italy (1900-1946)
  • Prime Minister - Vittorio Orlando, Prime Minister of Italy (1917-1919)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (1912-1919)
  • Prime Minister -
  1. Léon Kauffmann, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1917-28 September 1918)
  2. Émile Reuter, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (28 September 1918-1925)
• Moldova
  • President of National Diet- Ion Inculeţ (1917-1918)
• Netherlands -
  • Monarch - Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands (1890-1948)
  • Prime Minister -
  1. Pieter Cort van der Linden, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1913-1918)
  2. Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck, Chairman of the Dutch council of ministers (1918-1925, 1929-1933)
• Norway
  • Monarch - Haakon VII, King of Norway (1905-1957)
  • Prime Minister - Gunnar Knudsen, Prime Minister of Norway (1913-1920)
• Ottoman Empire
  • Monarch - Mehmed V, Sultan (1909-1918)
  • Monarch - Mehmed VI, Sultan (1918-1922)
• Poland
  • Head of State - Józef Piłsudzki, Provisional Chief of State (1918-1919)
  • Prime Minister - Jędrzej Moraczewski, President of the Ministers (1918-1919)
• Portugal
  • President -
    1. Sidónio Pais, President of Portugal, (1917-1918)
    2. João do Canto e Castro, President of Portugal (Provisional), (1918-1919)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Sidónio Pais, President of the Ministry (1917-1918)
    2. João Tamagnini Barbosa, President of the Ministry (1918-1919)
• Romania - King Ferdinand (1914-1927)
  1. Ion I.C. Brătianu, Prime Minister of Romania (1914-1918)
  2. Alexandru Averescu, Prime Minister of Romania (1918)
  3. Alexandru Marghiloman, Prime Minister of Romania (1918)
  4. Constantin Coandă, Prime Minister of Romania (1918)
  5. Ion I.C. Brătianu, Prime Minister of Romania (1918-1919)
• Spain
  • Monarch - Alfonso XIII, King of Spain (1886-1931)
  • Prime Minister -
  1. Manuel García Prieto, President of the Government (November 3, 1917 - March 22, 1918)
  2. Antonio Maura Montaner, President of the Government (March 22, 1918 - November 9, 1918)
  3. Manuel García Prieto, President of the Government (November 9, 1918 - December 5, 1918)
  4. Álvaro Figueroa Torres, President of the Government (December 5, 1918 - April 15, 1919)
• Sweden
  • Monarch - Gustaf V, King of Sweden (1907-1950)
  • Prime Minister - Nils Edén, Prime Minister of Sweden (1917-1920)
• United Kingdom -
  • Monarch - George V, King of the United Kingdom (1910-1936)
  • Prime Minister - David Lloyd George, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1916-1922)

North America and the Caribbean

• Canada
  • Monarch - King George V, King of Canada (1910-1936)
  • Governor-General - Duke of Devonshire, Governor-General of Canada (1916-1921)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Robert Borden, Prime Minister of Canada (1911-1920)
• Costa Rica - Federico Tinoco Granados, President of Costa Rica (1917–1919)
• Cuba - Mario García Menocal, President of Cuba (1913-1921)
• Haiti
  1. Philippe Sudré Dartinguenave - President of Haiti (1915-1922)
• México - Venustiano Carranza, President of Mexico (1914-1920)
• Newfoundland
  • Monarch - King George V, King of Newfoundland {1910-1936}
  • Governor - Charles A. Harris, Governor of Newfoundland (1917-1922)
  • Prime Minister - William F. Lloyd, Prime Minister of Newfoundland (1918-1919)
• United States - Woodrow Wilson, President of the United States (1913-1921)

South America

• Brazil -
  1. Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes, President of Brazil (1914-1918)
  2. Delfim Moreira, Acting President of Brazil (1918-1919)
• Paraguay - Manuel Franco, President of Paraguay (1916-1919)
• Peru - José Pardo y Barreda, President of Peru (1915-1919)
• Uruguay - Feliciano Viera, President of Uruguay (1915-1919)
• Venezuela - Victorino Márquez Bustillos, provisional President of Venezuela (1915-1922)