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PKP classification system (Polish locomotive designation) is a system of assigning letters and numbers to series and individual locomotives used by the PKP - Polish national railroad operator.
The system was introduced in 1923, shortly after Poland regained her independence (1918), when the Polish railroads inherited a variety of German, Austrian and Russian steam locomotives, each with its own type convention. The adopted solution allows telling the locomotive type (passenger/freight/mixed), wheel arrangement, origin and some other information from the type designation. After World War II a similar system was also adapted for diesel and electric locomotives.
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Electric and diesel locomotives
First letter
- E - electric locomotive (Pl. elektryczna)
- S - diesel locomotive (Pl. spalinowa)
Second letter
Locomotives:
- P - passenger locomotive (Pl. pasażerska)
- T - freight locomotive (Pl. towarowa)
- U - mixed-traffic locomotive (Pl. uniwersalna - universal)
- M - shunting locomotive (Pl. manewrowa)
Electric multiple units:
- W - for high platforms (Pl. wysoki)
- N - for both high and low platforms
- D - for long distance traffic
Diesel railcars and multiple units
- D - for long-distance traffic
- N - for suburban traffic
- R - special purpose (mobile workshops, emergency use etc.)
- A - railbus (Pl. autobus szynowy)
Numbers
Electric locomotives
- 01-14 - four axles, Bo-Bo, direct current, 3 kV
- 15-19 - four axles, Bo-Bo, alternating current
- 20-34 - six axles, Co-Co, direct current, 3 kV
- 35-39 - six axles, Co-Co, alternating current
- 40-49 - other types
In the case of electric and diesel locomotives consisting of two cars, the letters A and B were added after the serial number for each car.
Electric multiple units:
- 51-64 - three car sets, direct current, 3 kV
- 65-69 - three car sets, alternating current
- 70-74 - four car sets, direct current, 3 kV
- 75-79 - four car sets, alternating current
- 80-89 - single electric car, any current
- 90-93 - two car sets, direct current, 800 V
- 94-99 - other types
Diesel locomotives
- 01-09 - mechanical transmission, single steering
- 10-14 - mechanical transmission, multiple steering
- 15-24 - hydraulic transmission, single steering
- 25-29 - hydraulic transmission, multiple steering
- 30-39 - electric transmission, single steering
- 40-49 - electric transmission, multiple steering
Diesel railcars and multiple units
- 51-59 mechanical transmission, single steering
- 60-69 mechanical transmission, multiple steering
- 70-79 hydraulic or hydrauli-mechanical transmission, single steering
- 80-89 hydraulic transmission, multiple steering
- 90-94 electric transmission, single steering
- 95-99 electric transmission, multiple steering
Steam locomotives
First letter
The upper case letter means:
- P - fast train locomotive (Pl. pospieszna)
- O - mixed/stopping train traffic (Pl. osobowa - passenger)
- T - freight locomotive (Pl. towarowa)
Second letter
Second letter (lower case) indicates the wheel arrangement, in increasing order of the number of driving axles.
- a - one driving axle, any number of unpowered axles
- b - 0-4-0
- c - 2-4-0 or 0-4-2
- d - 4-4-0 or 0-4-4
- e - 2-4-2
- f - 4-4-2 or 2-4-4
- g - two driving axles, more than three unpowered axles,
- h - 0-6-0
- i - 2-6-0 or 0-6-2
- k - 4-6-0 or 0-6-4
- l - 2-6-2
- m - 4-6-2
- n - 2-6-4
- o - three driving axles, more than three unpowered axles
- p - 0-8-0
- r - 2-8-0 or 0-8-2
- s - 4-8-0 or 0-8-4
- t - 2-8-2
- u - four driving axles, more than two unpowered axles
- w - 0-10-0
- y - 2-10-0
- z - five driving axles, more than one unpowered axle
- x - narrow gauge, all axle arrangements ("x" also could mean six driving axles, but such locomotives were not used in Poland)
Third letter
In the case of tank engines, the letters designating the type of engine and the wheel arrangement are separated by a 'K' or 'k' (there would appear to have been no convention as to the use of uppercase or lowercase). Thus TKt48 is a 2-8-2 tank of Polish design introduced in 1948.
Number
- 1-9 - German production steam engine
- 10-19 - Austrian production steam engine
- 20-99 - Polish steam engine, number stood for the last two digits of the year in which the type was approved for production
- 100-199 - Other foreign steam engine, acquired by PKP between 1918 and 1939
- 200-299 - Other foreign production steam engine, acquired by PKP after 1945
Serial numbers
Following the letters and numbers described above, the serial number of each individual locomotive is stated. This consists of several digits, separated from the type designation characters by a dash.
Tenders
First number
- First number of tender classification described water capacity in cubic meters.
Letter
- Letter described the number of axles, i.e.:
- C - three axles
- D - four axles
Second number
- This referred to the year of construction, so number 23 means the construction was approved in 1923.
An example
A tender numbered 22D23 can carry up to 22 m3 of water, has four axles, and its construction was approved in 1923.
See also
- Category:PKP diesel locomotives
- Category:PKP electric locomotives
- Category:PKP steam locomotives
- Category:PKP electric multiple units
- PKP
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